Russia has supplied North Korea with the Pantsir air defense system, a short-range missile and gun system mounted on trucks.

If North Korea enhances its short-range air defenses with systems like the Pantsir, it could challenge South Korea’s efforts to preempt nuclear attacks.

However, the Pantsir system has a mixed combat record, raising questions about its overall effectiveness.

The transfer underscores Russia’s ongoing military support to North Korea amid geopolitical tensions.